Simulation of Chewing, Swallowing and Speech
Yukihiro Michiwaki, Japanese Red Cross Musashino Hospital
Chewing, swallowing and speech are three types of motion performed in regions of the mouth, pharynx and larynx. The chewing is to change solid food to soft and wet bolus by biting with teeth and mixing with saliva. Organs involved are teeth of the upper and lower jaws and the jaw joint as well as the tongue and the cheek. Since the chewing dose not force to close the airway, speech can be done simultaneously but swallowing cannot. The swallowing is to transport chewed food or liquid from the mouth to the esophagus via the pharynx. The swallowing has several contributing organs including the tongue, soft palate, pharyngeal wall, epiglottis as well as arytenoids and vocal cords. Since the swallowing needs tight closure of the airway, neither chewing nor speech can be done during swallowing. Speech sounds are produced by narrowing the upper airway timely while the air from the lung flows out of the lips through the larynx, pharynx and mouth. Each sound has its individual pattern for narrowing the upper airway. The organs involved are vocal cords, arytenoids, pharyngeal wall including the palate, tongue, cheek and lips. When those motions are damaged, severe dysfunction happens such as choking, aspiration pneumonia and speech disorders.
Since those motions inside the body are not only fast but also complicated, even the state-of-art medical imaging technology can adequately visualize neither movements of organs nor flow of food bolus and air. As a break-through approach, the computational biomechanics is recently expected to fully visualize the movement of organs as well as the flows during the motions and to elucidate those biomechanics. As yet, the computational study about chewing, swallowing and speech have been done in different research fields.
Because the three motions have clear involvements each other, the joint symposium will provide fruitful outcomes to advance each study. Many submissions from various fields by using any simulation methods are really expected including the physiology about the chewing, swallowing and speech as well as damaged motions such as choking, aspiration and speech disorders in research field.
Yukihiro Michiwaki, Japanese Red Cross Musashino Hospital
Chewing, swallowing and speech are three types of motion performed in regions of the mouth, pharynx and larynx. The chewing is to change solid food to soft and wet bolus by biting with teeth and mixing with saliva. Organs involved are teeth of the upper and lower jaws and the jaw joint as well as the tongue and the cheek. Since the chewing dose not force to close the airway, speech can be done simultaneously but swallowing cannot. The swallowing is to transport chewed food or liquid from the mouth to the esophagus via the pharynx. The swallowing has several contributing organs including the tongue, soft palate, pharyngeal wall, epiglottis as well as arytenoids and vocal cords. Since the swallowing needs tight closure of the airway, neither chewing nor speech can be done during swallowing. Speech sounds are produced by narrowing the upper airway timely while the air from the lung flows out of the lips through the larynx, pharynx and mouth. Each sound has its individual pattern for narrowing the upper airway. The organs involved are vocal cords, arytenoids, pharyngeal wall including the palate, tongue, cheek and lips. When those motions are damaged, severe dysfunction happens such as choking, aspiration pneumonia and speech disorders.
Since those motions inside the body are not only fast but also complicated, even the state-of-art medical imaging technology can adequately visualize neither movements of organs nor flow of food bolus and air. As a break-through approach, the computational biomechanics is recently expected to fully visualize the movement of organs as well as the flows during the motions and to elucidate those biomechanics. As yet, the computational study about chewing, swallowing and speech have been done in different research fields.
Because the three motions have clear involvements each other, the joint symposium will provide fruitful outcomes to advance each study. Many submissions from various fields by using any simulation methods are really expected including the physiology about the chewing, swallowing and speech as well as damaged motions such as choking, aspiration and speech disorders in research field.
